Strontium

Strontium is atomic number 38 and its atomic mass is 87.62. Its symbol is Sr. It is in group 2 on the periodic table and is a solid at room tempurature. Strontium has the ionic charge of +2.





Strontium metal is hard to get. It is very unique and rare.


 * __BOHR MODEL OF THE ELEMENT STRONTIUM__

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[|strontium]

STRONTIUM VIDEO:

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HISTORY:

Strontium was discovered by Adair Crawford, an Irish chemist, in 1790 while studying the mineral witherite (BaCO3). When he mixed witherite with hydrochloric acid (HCl) he did not get the results he expected. He assumed that his sample of witherite was contaminated with an unknown mineral, a mineral he named strontianite (SrCO3). Strontium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, in 1808 through the electrolysis of a mixture of strontium chloride (SrCl2) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Today, strontium is obtained from two of its most common ores, celestite (SrSO4) and strontianite (SrCO3), by treating them with hydrochloric acid, forming strontium chloride. The strontium chloride, usually mixed with potassium chloride (KCl), is then melted and electrolyzed, forming strontium and chlorine gas (Cl2).

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

The boiling point of strontium is 2050 degrees fahrenheit and its melting point is at 1431degrees farenheit. Its atomic number is 38 and its mass is 87.62. Strontium has four stable isotopes and two of them have medical applications. Sr-86 is used for the production of the PET isotope Y-86 which is used in dosimetry prior to Y-90 based radioimmunotherapy. Sr-88 is used for the production of Sr-89 which is the active agent in MetastronTM. The percent of abundance is .56%. Strontiums is a solid, its color is silvery white but rapidly turns a yellowish color with the formation of oxide.

ELEMENT USES:

Strontium has no biological role.

The abundance of strontium in the universe is 40 ppb by weight and 0.6 ppb by weight.

Chemically, strontium resembles calcium and the human body does a poor job of distinguishing the two. It is therefore absorbed by the body and stored in the skeleton in places where calcium should be. This also happens with radioactive 90Sr which produced by above-ground nuclear explosions in the 1950s. Strontium-90 regrettably is widely spread in the environment.

OTHER INFORMATION:

Most of the strontium produced today is used in the manufacture of color television picture tubes. It is also used to refine zinc and is combined with iron to make magnets. Two strontium compounds, strontium carbonate (SrCO3) and strontium nitrate (Sr(NO3)2), burn with a bright, red flame and are used in fireworks and signal flares. Strontium carbonate is also used to make certain kinds of glass and is the base material for making most other strontium compounds. Strontium-90, a radioactive isotope of strontium, is a common product of nuclear explosions. It has a half-life of about 28.8 years and decays into yttrium-90 through beta decay. Strontium-90 is especially deadly since it has a relatively long half-life, is strongly radioactive and is absorbed by the body, where it accumulates in the skeletal system. The radiation affects the production of new blood cells, which eventually leads to death.


 * Estimated Crustal Abundance:** 3.70×102 milligrams per kilogram
 * Estimated Oceanic Abundance:** 7.9 milligrams per liter
 * Number of Stable Isotopes:** 4
 * Ionization Energy:** 5.695 eV
 * Oxidation State:** +2

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